Unlock the Power of Haiku: Master Japanese Poetry Today!

A haiku is a traditional Japanese poetic form consisting of three lines with a syllable pattern of 5-7-5, totaling 17 syllables. Originating in the 17th century, it evolved from the hokku, the opening stanza of a collaborative poem called renga. The term haiku was popularized in the late 19th century by Masaoka Shiki, who redefined it as an independent poetic form.

Key Characteristics

• Structure: Three lines with a 5-7-5 syllable pattern.
• Themes: Traditionally focuses on nature and seasons (kigo), often evoking a moment of insight or emotion.
• Language: Unrhymed and written in the present tense, often including a "cutting word" (kireji) to create a pause or contrast.
• Modern Adaptations: Contemporary haiku may deviate from strict syllable counts and explore diverse themes, including urban or industrial imagery.

Historical Development

1. Hokku Origins: Initially part of renga, hokku set the tone for the poem and later became standalone.
2. Bashō’s Influence: Matsuo Bashō (1644–1694) elevated hokku to an art form, emphasizing simplicity and depth. His works remain iconic in haiku literature.
3. 19th-Century Revitalization: Masaoka Shiki renamed hokku as haiku and expanded its thematic range beyond nature.

Global Impact

Haiku gained international popularity in the 20th century, particularly among English-language poets like the Imagists. While English haiku often adapt traditional elements, they maintain the focus on brevity, vivid imagery, and emotional resonance.

Today, haiku is written worldwide in various languages, demonstrating its adaptability and enduring appeal as a concise yet profound poetic form.